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• European Parliament legislative resolution of 4 October 2018 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a framework for the free flow of non-personal data in the European Union (COM(2017)0495 – C8-0312/2017 – 2017/0228(COD))

  • Published: 2018-10-04
  • Corporate Author(s): European Parliament
  • Subject: access to information, code of conduct, computer system, cross-frontier data flow, data processing, data-processing law, digital single market, digital technology, Internet, technological change
• Shopping online within the EU
  Know your rights

  If you plan to buy products within the EU, you are entitled to certain rights....

  If you plan to buy products within the EU, you are entitled to certain rights.

  • Published: 2018-10-18
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (European Commission)
  • Subject: consumer information, consumer protection, electronic commerce, enjoyment of rights, European citizenship, European integration, European Union, free movement of persons, geographical mobility, Internet
• Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.9005 — Booking Holdings/HotelsCombined) (Text with EEA relevance.)

  • Published: 2018-09-26
  • Corporate Author(s): European Commission
  • Subject: economic concentration, Internet, merger control, provision of services, supply, travel
• COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE IMPACT ASSESSMENT Accompanying the document Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on preventing the dissemination of terrorist content online

  • Published: 2018-09-12
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs (European Commission) ; European Commission
  • Subject: access to information, cross-border cooperation, digital single market, dissemination of information, fight against crime, freedom of expression, information, Internet, provision of services, terrorism
• 

  Virtual currencies
  In-depth analysis : monetary dialogue July 2018

  Following a brief discussion of the characteristics of money, we provide an overview of virtual currencies describing relevant technological aspects and different use cases. Based on this, we derive implications for financial market regulations and monetary policy (with a focus on the possibilit...

  Following a brief discussion of the characteristics of money, we provide an overview of virtual currencies describing relevant technological aspects and different use cases. Based on this, we derive implications for financial market regulations and monetary policy (with a focus on the possibility of central bank digital currencies). This document was provided by Policy Department A at the request of the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee.

  • Published: 2018-09-06
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union (European Parliament) ; Kiel Institute for the World Economy
  • Subject: cryptography, exchange rate, financial transaction, Internet, money, payment
• 

  Cryptocurrencies and blockchain - Legal context and implications for financial crime, money laundering and tax evasion
  

  More and more regulators are worrying about criminals who are increasingly using cryptocurrencies for illegitimate activities like money laundering, terrorist financing and tax evasion. The problem is significant: even though the full scale of misuse of virtual currencies is unknown, its market ...

  More and more regulators are worrying about criminals who are increasingly using cryptocurrencies for illegitimate activities like money laundering, terrorist financing and tax evasion. The problem is significant: even though the full scale of misuse of virtual currencies is unknown, its market value has been reported to exceed EUR 7 billion worldwide. This paper prepared by Policy Department A elaborates on this phenomenon from a legal perspective, focusing on the use of cryptocurrencies for financial crime, money laundering and tax evasion. It contains policy recommendations for future EU standards.

  • Published: 2018-09-06
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union (European Parliament)
  • Subject: central bank, cryptography, data protection, exchange rate, fight against crime, financial transaction, foreign currency, Internet, money, money laundering, payment, tax evasion
• 

  Darknet markets ecosystem
  Lifetimes and reasons for closure of over 100 global darknet markets offering drugs, sorted by date

  Darknet markets — also known as cryptomarkets — provide a largely anonymous platform for trading in a range of illicit goods and services. It is estimated that around two thirds of the o ers on darknet markets are drugrelated. Drug sales on these markets, although modest when compared to the ove...

  Darknet markets — also known as cryptomarkets — provide a largely anonymous platform for trading in a range of illicit goods and services. It is estimated that around two thirds of the o ers on darknet markets are drugrelated. Drug sales on these markets, although modest when compared to the overall retail drug market, are signi cant and appear to be expanding. EU-based suppliers are important players in the darknet ecosystem, the evolution of which is shown in this timeline.

  • Published: 2018-07-27
  • Corporate Author(s): European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: drug addiction, drug surveillance, fight against crime, goods and services, illicit trade, Internet, narcotic, organised crime, psychotropic substance
• 

  Cyber violence and hate speech online against women
  

  This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the FEMM Committee, looks into the phenomenon of cyber violence and hate speech online against women in the European Union. After reviewing existing definitio...

  This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the FEMM Committee, looks into the phenomenon of cyber violence and hate speech online against women in the European Union. After reviewing existing definitions of the different forms of cyber violence, the study assesses the root causes and impact of online violence on women. It continues by analysing and mapping the prevalence, victims and perpetrators. The document ends with an outline of the existing legal framework and recommendations for action within the EU remit.

  • Published: 2018-10-01
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union (European Parliament)
  • Subject: database, digital technology, entrepreneurship, information technology, Internet, participation of women, position of women, sexual violence, slavery, the EU's international role, trafficking in human beings, woman
• 

  Consumer market study on online market segmentation through personalised pricing/offers in the European Union final report
  

  This consumer market study about personalised pricing/offers in the EU looks at: the nature and prevalence of the online personalised practices used by sellers/providers; whether businesses are transparent about online personalisation; consumers’ awareness and perception of online personalised p...

  This consumer market study about personalised pricing/offers in the EU looks at: the nature and prevalence of the online personalised practices used by sellers/providers; whether businesses are transparent about online personalisation; consumers’ awareness and perception of online personalised practices and problems experienced; and the economic value/effects of personalised pricing/ranking of offers. The study covers all EU Member States, Iceland and Norway. Between December 2016 and November 2017, the following tasks were carried out: a review of the literature on online personalised practices; consultations with consumer and data protection authorities, national experts and business operators; an assessment of the applicable EU Regulatory framework and sellers’ awareness and compliance with this legislation; an assessment of the economic effects of personalised pricing/ranking of offers; an online survey measuring consumers’ awareness of/opinions on such practices; a mystery shopping exercise (in four markets, namely airline tickets, hotels, sports shoes and TVs) replicating ‘real life’ experiences when searching for goods/services on e-commerce websites, designed to assess the prevalence of personalised pricing/ranking of offers; and an online behavioural experiment designed to assess consumers’ ability to recognise online personalisation, as well as their “willingness to purchase” personalised products, depending on the level of transparency in communication.

  • Published: 2018-09-25
  • Corporate Author(s): Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency (EU body or agency) ; Deloitte ; IPSOS ; London Economics
  • Subject: common tariff policy, consumer policy, electronic commerce, EU agricultural market, EU Member State, European undertaking, Internet, report
• 

  Citizenship education at school in Europe, 2017
  

  Faced with increasing threats to fundamental values such as peace, equality and human rights, there has been a strong focus in recent years on the promotion of citizenship education, with several countries changing their official guidelines for this area of study. But what is citizenship educati...

  Faced with increasing threats to fundamental values such as peace, equality and human rights, there has been a strong focus in recent years on the promotion of citizenship education, with several countries changing their official guidelines for this area of study. But what is citizenship education? How is it taught? Is it a separate discipline in its own right? How are students evaluated? How are citizenship skills developed through practical experiences outside the classroom? What training and support do teachers receive? The Citizenship Education at School in Europe – 2017 report answers these questions and more, providing a comparative overview of how citizenship education is approached across Europe. It covers the 28 EU Member states as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland and Turkey. The report is largely based on qualitative data, drawing on the existing regulations and recommendations regarding citizenship education in public sector schools and includes general education and school-based initial vocational education training programmes. It focuses on four different areas, namely the curriculum; teaching, learning and active participation; student assessment and school evaluation; teacher education, professional development and support. Each chapter is supplemented by a case study which focuses on one particular country. This 'Eurydice Highlights' provides a snapshot of some of the main findings of the report.

  • Published: 2018-10-23
  • Corporate Author(s): Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: civics, continuing education, education policy, educational system, EU Member State, European citizenship, Internet, Internet site, primary education, report, school environment, secondary education, social participation, teaching curriculum, vocational training