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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Latvia 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2018-11-19
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, ethnic discrimination, Latvia, national law, religious discrimination, report, sexual discrimination, social policy
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  Antisemitism
  Overview of data available in the European Union 2007–2017

  Latest edition.

  This annual overview compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2007–31 December 2017, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from international organi...

  This annual overview compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2007–31 December 2017, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from international organisations.

  • Published: 2018-11-06
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: anti-semitism, data collection, ethnic discrimination, EU Member State, extremism, Jew, racial discrimination, racism, religious discrimination, rights of the individual
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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Portugal 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2019-01-07
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, ethnic discrimination, national law, Portugal, religious discrimination, report, sexual discrimination, social policy
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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Serbia 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2019-01-07
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, ethnic discrimination, Poland, religious discrimination, Serbia, sexual discrimination, social policy
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  A comparative analysis of non-discrimination law in Europe 2018
  The 28 EU Member States, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey compared

  The objective of this report is to compare and contrast anti-discrimination law in the 28 EU Member States, four EU candidate countries (namely the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey) and the EEA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), based on the 2017 u...

  The objective of this report is to compare and contrast anti-discrimination law in the 28 EU Member States, four EU candidate countries (namely the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey) and the EEA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), based on the 2017 updates of the country reports written by the European network of legal experts in gender equality and nondiscrimination. The state of play and the major developments are summarised in this publication. The report presents the general trends in European anti-discrimination policy and points out some of the remaining dilemmas in the application of anti-discrimination legislation. It gives an overview of the main substantive issues in both directives: the grounds of discrimination, the definition of grounds and scope, exceptions to the principle of equal treatment and positive action, access to justice and effective enforcement, and Equality Bodies. All Member States were required to review and amend their existing legislation to comply with the requirements of the directives. The Racial Equality Directive and the Employment Equality Directive had to be transposed into national law by 19 July 2003 and 2 December 2003 respectively in the (then) 15 EU Member States. Countries acceding the EU after this date had to transpose both directives by the date of their accession: 1 May 2004 for 10 new Member States, 1 January 2007 for Bulgaria and Romania, and finally 1 July 2013 for Croatia. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey entered the transposition process and they must align their national legislation with EU law by the date on which they enter the EU. EU directives on anti-discrimination are not binding on EEA countries, as the EEA agreement only provides obligations on those countries vis-à-vis EU legislation related to the internal market. In practice, provisions on anti-discrimination exist, but the level of protection varies greatly compared with EU standards. It goes beyond the scope of this report to assess the extent to which Member States have fully complied with the directives or to assess the legislative impact of the European directives on the laws of all the countries examined. However, the report could potentially be used as one of the instruments for making such an assessment. Ambiguities in the directives became apparent in the transposition process. This report will not seek to clarify these gaps, although, where appropriate, the report makes some suggestions to that effect. This synthesis overview of the national situation in 35 countries is complemented by the comprehensive country reports. Readers can turn to these country reports for detailed and nuanced information about the law of a particular country, current as of 1 January 2017.

  • Published: 2019-01-04
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; European network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, application of EU law, comparative analysis, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, ethnic discrimination, EU Member State, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, racial discrimination, religious discrimination, report, Serbia, sexual discrimination, Turkey
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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Slovakia 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2018-11-19
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, Czechoslovakia, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, ethnic discrimination, national law, religious discrimination, report, sexual discrimination, social policy
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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Estonia 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2018-11-06
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, Estonia, ethnic discrimination, national law, religious discrimination, report, sexual discrimination, social policy
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  A comparative analysis of non-discrimination law in Europe 2017
  A comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey

  This report provides a general overview of the ways in which EU gender equality law has been implemented in the domestic laws of the 28 Member States of the European Union, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway (the EEA countries) and four candidate countries (the Former Yugoslav Republic...

  This report provides a general overview of the ways in which EU gender equality law has been implemented in the domestic laws of the 28 Member States of the European Union, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway (the EEA countries) and four candidate countries (the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey). The analysis is based on the country reports written by the gender equality law experts of the European equality law network (EELN). At the same time, this report explains the most important elements of the EU gender equality acquis. The term ‘EU gender equality acquis’ refers to all the relevant EU Treaty and EU Charter of Fundamental Rights provisions, legislation and the case law of the CJEU in relation to gender equality.

  • Published: 2019-02-25
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; European network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, application of EU law, comparative analysis, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, ethnic discrimination, EU Member State, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, racial discrimination, religious discrimination, report, Serbia, sexual discrimination, Turkey
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  Country report
  Non-discrimination : Turkey 2018

  Latest edition.

  • Published: 2019-01-07
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) ; human european consultancy ; Migration Policy Group ; Universiteit Utrecht
  • Subject: age discrimination, anti-discriminatory measure, discrimination based on disability, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, equal treatment, ethnic discrimination, national law, religious discrimination, report, sexual discrimination, social policy, Turkey
• Case C-193/17: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 22 January 2019 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof — Austria) — Cresco Investigation GmbH v Markus Achatzi (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Article 21 — Equal treatment in employment and occupation — Directive 2000/78/EC — Article 2(2)(a) — Direct discrimination on grounds of religion — National legislation granting certain employees a day’s holiday on Good Friday — Justification — Article 2(5) — Article 7(1) — Obligations of private employers and national courts resulting from the incompatibility of national law with Directive 2000/78)

  • Published: 2019-01-22
  • Corporate Author(s): Court of Justice (Court of Justice of the European Union)
  • Subject: Christian, equal treatment, labour dispute, public holiday, religious discrimination