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  Hate crime recording and data collection practice across the EU
  

  Across the European Union, people face hatred because of their skin colour, ethnicity, religion, gender or sexuality. In response, the EU and its Member States have introduced laws against hate crime and support services for victims. But these will only fulfil their potential if victims report h...

  Across the European Union, people face hatred because of their skin colour, ethnicity, religion, gender or sexuality. In response, the EU and its Member States have introduced laws against hate crime and support services for victims. But these will only fulfil their potential if victims report hate-motivated harassment and violence to the police, and if police officers record such incidents as hate crimes. This report provides rich and detailed information on hate crime recording and data collection systems across the EU, including any systemic cooperation with civil society. In so doing, it can support efforts to strengthen recording and data collection as well as capacity-building activities to counter hate crime – essential elements of effectively combating prejudice, supporting victims and fostering inclusive societies.

  • Published: 2018-06-26
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: crime against individuals, data collection, data recording, ethnic discrimination, fight against crime, help for victims, racism, religious discrimination, right to justice, rights of the individual, sexual discrimination, xenophobia
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  Equality and the fight against racism and xenophobia
  Cost of non-Europe report

  This study specifically focuses on EU action and cooperation concerning equality and the fight against racism and xenophobia. Despite existing EU legislation and action it argues that there are still significant gaps and barriers to equal treatment and to adequate prevention and prosecution of, ...

  This study specifically focuses on EU action and cooperation concerning equality and the fight against racism and xenophobia. Despite existing EU legislation and action it argues that there are still significant gaps and barriers to equal treatment and to adequate prevention and prosecution of, and compensation for, hate crimes within the European Union. The impact of the gaps and barriers identified – in action and cooperation – at EU level are assessed both in terms of economic impact and their impacts on economic rights and freedoms. To address these gaps and barriers, the study provides some options for EU action in the field.

  • Published: 2018-04-09
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union (European Parliament)
  • Subject: anti-discriminatory measure, crime against individuals, discrimination based on disability, equal treatment, EU action, EU law, Fascism, gender equality, racial discrimination, racism, religious discrimination, sexual discrimination, xenophobia
• Conclusions of the Council and of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States meeting within the Council on promoting the common values of the EU through sport

  • Published: 2018-06-08
  • Corporate Author(s): Council of the European Union ; Representatives of the Governments of the Member States (The Member States)
  • Subject: EU sport policy, European cooperation, promotion of the European idea, racism, social integration, sporting event, sports body, third country, xenophobia
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  Antisemitism
  Overview of data available in the European Union 2006–2016

  Latest edition.

  This annual overview compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2006–31 December 2016, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from international organi...

  This annual overview compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2006–31 December 2016, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from international organisations.

  • Published: 2018-01-19
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: anti-semitism, data collection, ethnic discrimination, EU Member State, extremism, Jew, racial discrimination, racism, religious discrimination, rights of the individual
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  Public attitudes to immigration in Germany in the aftermath of the migration crisis
  

  During Angela Merkel’s time as Germany’s Chancellor, the country has seen the largest inflow of migrants in its post-war history, but overall attitudes to immigration in Germany have been remarkably stable and, if anything, have actually become slightly more positive (Statistisches Bundesamt, 20...

  During Angela Merkel’s time as Germany’s Chancellor, the country has seen the largest inflow of migrants in its post-war history, but overall attitudes to immigration in Germany have been remarkably stable and, if anything, have actually become slightly more positive (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2017; Eurobarometer, 2017). On the surface, stability seems to be the word that best describes attitudes to immigration in Germany. Yet, the anti-immigration Alternative für Deutschland (AFD) political party has seen a surge in its opinion poll ratings, enjoyed some electoral success, and could enter the Bundestag after the 2017 federal elections. This brief explains how generalized favourability to immigration can combine with growth in support for an anti-immigration party by highlighting the importance of issue salience. To explore the structure of attitudes to immigration in Germany, this policy brief addresses four key features: the overall increase in positive attitudes to immigration; levels of issue salience; different perceptions of immigration among eastern and western Germans; and, finally the role played by wider trust in Germany’s social and political institutions in reducing anxiety around immigration.

  • Published: 2017-12-15
  • Corporate Author(s): European University Institute
  • Subject: Germany, immigration, integration of migrants, migrant, migration policy, racism, sociology, xenophobia
• Great expectations
  A sociocognitive perspective on attitudes toward immigrants

  Why is there so much variation in attitudes toward immigrants? Research consistently shows that people with lower socioeconomic status and education levels display more negative attitudes toward immigrants and that there is significant variation in public opinion between countries and over time....

  Why is there so much variation in attitudes toward immigrants? Research consistently shows that people with lower socioeconomic status and education levels display more negative attitudes toward immigrants and that there is significant variation in public opinion between countries and over time. While common explanations such as contact theory and ethnic competition theory account for some of this variation, many questions remain unanswered. The present dissertation takes a 'sociocognitive approach', focusing on two fundamental human needs: the need to belong and the need to understand. I argue that this approach adds to existing accounts by providing an explanation for attitude change as well as helping us to explain a set of unanswered puzzles regarding variation in anti-immigrant sentiment. I argue that normative influence processes, framing, and uncertainty are key to understanding attitudes toward immigrants, and I present a series of semi-independent empirical studies using a variety of methodological approaches to tease out these mechanisms. First, a series of natural experiments reveals that there is no straightforward relationship between uncertainty and attitudes toward immigrants. Most notably, I find that public attitudes toward immigrants in the Netherlands were not affected by the 2004 murder of Theo van Gogh. Second, I propose that this may be due to the way in which the murder was interpreted in the media – an explanation that is in line with the framing hypothesis. Third, using support for an anti-immigration party as a proxy for attitudes toward immigrants I show how social identity- and normative influence processes can provide a plausible explanation for extreme levels of populist radical right support. Fourth, I present a survey experiment which reveals that there is no strong relationship between attitudes toward immigrants and support for redistribution in the UK. This finding goes against interest-based explanations of attitudes toward immigrants, thereby paving the way for a sociocognitive approach.

  • Published: 2017-07-11
  • Corporate Author(s): European University Institute
  • Subject: immigration, integration of migrants, migrant, Netherlands, racism, sociology, thesis, xenophobia
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  Ensuring justice for hate crime victims
  Professional perspectives : summary

  Hate crime is the most severe expression of discrimination and a core fundamental rights abuse. This summary presents the main findings from the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) report on 'Ensuring justice for hate crime victims: professional perspectives'. The report outlines ...

  Hate crime is the most severe expression of discrimination and a core fundamental rights abuse. This summary presents the main findings from the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) report on 'Ensuring justice for hate crime victims: professional perspectives'. The report outlines important insights from a variety of experts, including representatives of criminal courts, public prosecutors’ offices, the police and non-governmental organisations involved in supporting hate crime victims. In so doing, it sheds light on the complexities that victims face in reporting as well as the organisational and procedural factors that impede their access to justice and the proper recording and prosecution of hate crime.

  • Published: 2017-05-10
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: access to the courts, crime against individuals, fight against crime, help for victims, police, racism, right to justice, rights of the individual, victim, xenophobia
• OPINION of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs for the Committee on Culture and Education on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2010/13/EU on the coordination of certain provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action in Member States concerning the provision of audiovisual media services in view of changing market realities (COM(2016)0287 - C8-0193/2016 - 2016/0151(COD)) Rapporteur: Angelika Mlinar

  • Published: 2017-02-03
  • Corporate Author(s): Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (EP Committee) ; European Parliament
  • Subject: advertising, audiovisual industry, child protection, control of communications, electronic commerce, European audiovisual area, free movement of programmes, freedom of expression, professional ethics, programmes industry, provision of services, racism, self-regulation, supervisory body, television, xenophobia
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  Antisemitism
  Overview of data available in the European Union 2005–2015

  There is a newer edition of this publication

  This annual report compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by international, governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2005–31 December 2015, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from interna...

  This annual report compiles the available evidence on antisemitic incidents collected by international, governmental and non-governmental sources, covering the period 1 January 2005–31 December 2015, where data are available. In addition, it includes a section that presents evidence from international organisations.

  • Published: 2016-12-12
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: anti-semitism, data collection, ethnic discrimination, EU Member State, extremism, Jew, racial discrimination, racism, religious discrimination, rights of the individual
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  Joint Declaration of the Presidents of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and the European Parliament in support of the Charter of European political parties for a non-racist society
  September 2003

  • Published: 2016-09-01
  • Corporate Author(s): European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EU body or agency)
  • Subject: European charter, human rights, political parties, racial discrimination, racism