attend any cooperation related matter mandated by the Association Committee;

follow-up the overall implementation of Part III of this Agreement;

discuss any related cooperation issues that may affect the operation of Part III of this Agreement.

the effective implementation of the international instruments of human rights, as well as the recommendations emanating from Treaty Bodies and Special Procedures;

the integration of the promotion and protection of human rights in national policies and development plans;

the strengthening of the capacities to apply the democratic principles and practices;

the development and implementation of action plans on democracy and human rights;

awareness raising and education in human rights, democracy and culture of peace;

the strengthening of democratic and human rights-related institutions, as well as the legal and institutional frameworks for the promotion and protection of human rights;

the development of joint initiatives of mutual interest in the framework of relevant multilateral fora.

exchange points of view regarding legislative schemes and best practices;

fight against the supply, traffic and demand of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances;

strengthen judicial and police cooperation to combat illicit trafficking;

strengthen maritime cooperation in view of fighting efficiently against trafficking;

establish information and monitoring centres;

define and apply measures to reduce illicit drug trafficking, medical prescriptions (narcotic drugs and psychotropics) and chemical precursors;

set up joint research programmes and projects as well as reciprocal judiciary assistance;

stimulate alternative development, in particular, the promotion of legal crops for small producers;

facilitate training and education of human resources in order to prevent the drug consumption and trafficking, as well as to strengthen administrative control systems;

support youth prevention programs and education inside and outside of school;

strengthen prevention as well as treatment, rehabilitation and reintegration of drug users covering a wide range of modalities, including harm reduction related to drug abuse.

improving organisational effectiveness and guaranteeing transparent management of public resources and accountability;

strengthening the relevant institutions, including law enforcement authorities and the judiciary;

preventing corruption and bribery in international transactions;

monitoring and evaluation of policies to combat corruption at local, regional, national and international level;

encouraging actions that promote the values of a culture of transparency, legality and a change in people's attitudes to corrupt practices;

further developing cooperation to facilitate measures to recover assets, promoting good practices and capacity building.

economic policies with a social vision oriented to a more inclusive society with a better income distribution in order to reduce inequality and inequity;

trade and investment policies, bearing in mind the link between trade and sustainable development, fair trade, the development of rural and urban micro, small and medium enterprises and their representatives organisations and to corporate social responsibility;

equitable and sound fiscal policies, allowing for a better redistribution of wealth, ensuring adequate levels of social expenditure and reducing the informal economy;

efficient public social expenditure linked to clear identified social objectives, moving towards a result oriented approach;

effective social policies and equitable access to social services for all in a variety of sectors such as in the areas of education, health, nutrition, sanitation, housing, justice and social security;

employment policies directed towards decent work for all and the creation of economic opportunities with a particular focus on the poorest and most vulnerable groups and the most disadvantaged regions, and specific measures promoting tolerance to cultural diversity at work;

social protection schemes in the area of, inter alia, pensions, health, accidents and unemployment based on the solidarity principle and accessible to all;

strategies and policies to combat xenophobia and discrimination, based in particular on the grounds of gender, race, belief or ethnicity;

specific policies and programmes dedicated to the youth.

ensure decent work for all;

create more inclusive and well functioning labour markets;

extend social protection coverage;

exchange best practices in the field of workers mobility and transfer of pension rights;

promote social dialogue;

ensure the respect for the fundamental principles and rights at work identified by the International Labour Organization's Conventions, the so-called Core Labour Standards, in particular as regards the freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining and non discrimination, the abolition of forced and child labour, and equal treatment between men and women;

address issues relating to the informal economy;

give special attention to disadvantaged groups and to the fight against discrimination;

develop the quality of human resources through the improvement of education and training, including effective vocational training;

improve the health and security conditions at work, notably by strengthening labour inspectorates;

stimulate job creation and entrepreneurship by strengthening the institutional framework necessary to the creation of small and medium sized enterprises and facilitating access to credit and micro-finance.

promote equitable access to education for all, including young people, women, senior citizens, indigenous peoples and minority groups, paying special attention to the most vulnerable and marginalised segments of society;

improve the quality of education, considering primary basic education as a priority;

improve completion of primary education and reduce early school leaving in compulsory secondary education;

improve non-formal learning;

improve infrastructure and equipment of existing education centres;

promote education for the indigenous peoples, including intercultural bilingual education;

promote higher education as well as vocational training and lifelong learning.

cooperation between higher education institutions of the Parties as well as the exchange of students, researchers and academics through existing programmes;

synergies between higher education institutions and private and public sector in agreed areas in order to facilitate transitions into employment.

the root causes of migration;

the development and implementation of national legislation and practices with regard to international protection, with a view to satisfying the provisions of the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and of its Protocol of 1967 and other relevant international instruments, and to ensuring the respect of the principle of "non-refoulement";

the admission rules and rights and status of persons admitted, fair treatment and integration of legal residents into society, education and training of legal migrants and measures against racism and xenophobia and all applicable provisions regarding human rights of migrants;

the establishment of an effective policy to facilitate the transfer of remittances;

the temporary and circular migration, including the prevention of brain drain;

the establishment of an effective and comprehensive policy on immigration, smuggling and trafficking in human beings, including the issue of how to combat networks and criminal organisations of smugglers and traffickers and how to protect and support the victims of such trafficking; as well as any other form of migration not in accordance with the legal framework of the country of destination;

the return, under humane, secure and dignified conditions, of persons not holding a legal residence permit, in full respect of their human rights, and the readmission of such persons in accordance with paragraph 2;

the exchange of best practices on integration dealing with migration between the European Union and the Republics of the CA Party;

the supportive measures aimed at the sustainable reinsertion of returnees.

each Republic of the CA Party shall, upon request and without further formalities, readmit any of its nationals whose stay in the territory of a Member State of the European Union contravenes the Member State's legal framework, provide their nationals with appropriate identity documents and extend to them the administrative facilities necessary for such purpose and;

each Member State of the European Union shall, upon request and without further formalities, readmit any of its nationals whose stay in the territory of a Republic of the CA Party contravenes the Republic of the CA Party's legal framework, provide their nationals with appropriate identity documents and extend to them the administrative facilities necessary for such purpose.

the protection and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems, including forests and fisheries;

the fight against pollution of fresh and marine waters, air and soil, including through the sound management of waste, sewage waters, chemicals and other dangerous substances and materials;

global issues such as climate change, depletion of the ozone layer, desertification, deforestation, conservation of biodiversity and biosafety;

in this context, cooperation shall seek to facilitate joint initiatives in the area of climate change mitigation and adaptation to its adverse effects, including the strengthening of carbon market mechanisms.

promoting policy dialogue and exchange of best environmental practices, experiences, and capacity building, including institutional strengthening;

transfer and use of sustainable technology and know-how, including creation of incentives and mechanisms for innovation and environmental protection;

integrating environmental considerations into other policy areas, including land-use management;

promoting sustainable production and consumption patterns, including through the sustainable use of ecosystems, services and goods;

promoting environmental awareness and education as well as enhanced participation by civil society, in particular local communities, in environmental protection and sustainable development efforts;

encouraging and promoting regional cooperation in the field of environmental protection;

assisting in the implementation and enforcement of those multilateral environmental agreements that the Parties are part of;

strengthening environmental management, as well as monitoring and control systems.

exchanges of information concerning customs legislation and procedures, particularly in the following areas:

the development of joint initiatives in mutually agreed areas;

the promotion of coordination between all relevant border agencies, both internally and across borders.

enhancing institutional cooperation (for example, between intellectual property offices in the Republics of the CA Party) and thus facilitating the exchange of information on the legal frameworks concerning intellectual property rights and other relevant rules of protection and enforcement;

encourage and facilitate the development of contacts and cooperation in the field of intellectual property, including the promotion and dissemination of information between and within business circles, civil society, consumers and educational institutions;

providing capacity building and training (for example, for judges, prosecutors, customs and police officers), on enforcement of intellectual property rights;

cooperating on the development and enhancement of electronic systems of the Intellectual Property Offices in the Republics of the CA Party;

cooperating on information exchange and providing expertise and technical assistance on regional integration in the field of intellectual property rights.

the Parties shall promote the transfer of technology, which shall be accomplished through academic, professional and/or business exchange programs directed to the transmission of knowledge from the EU Party to the Republics of the CA Party;

the Parties recognise the importance of creating mechanisms that strengthen and promote Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Republics of the CA Party, especially in innovative and high-tech sectors. The EU Party shall make its best efforts to offer to the institutions and enterprises in its territories incentives destined to promote and to favour the transfer of technology to institutions and enterprises of the Republics of the CA Party, in such a way that allows these countries to establish a viable technological platform;

likewise, the EU Party shall facilitate and promote programs aimed to the creation of activities of Research and Development in Central America, to attend the region's needs, such as access to medicines, infrastructure and technology development necessary for the development of their people, among others.

improving the ability of service suppliers of the Republics of the CA Party to gather information on and to meet regulations and standards of the EU Party at the European Union's level and at national and sub-national levels;

improving the export capacity of service suppliers of the Republics of the CA Party, with particular attention to the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises;

facilitating interaction and dialogue between service suppliers of the EU Party and of the Republics of the CA Party;

addressing qualification and standards needs in those sectors where commitments have been undertaken under this Agreement;

promoting exchange of information and experiences and providing technical assistance regarding the development and implementation of regulations at national or regional level, where applicable;

establishing mechanisms for promoting investment between the EU Party and the Republics of the CA Party, and enhancing the capacities of investment promotion agencies in the Republics of the CA Party.

promote the sustainable exploitation and management of fisheries;

promote best practices in fisheries management;

improve the data collection in order to take into account the best available scientific information for resource assessment and management;

strengthen the monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) system;

fight illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing activities (IUU).

providing technical expertise, support and capacity building for sustainable management of the fisheries' resources, including the development of alternative fisheries;

exchanging information, experiences and capacity building for sustainable social and economic development of the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Particular attention shall be given to the responsible development of artisanal and small scale fisheries and aquaculture and to the diversification of their products and activities, including areas such as the processing industry;

supporting institutional cooperation and facilitating the exchange of information on the legal frameworks concerning fisheries and aquaculture, including any relevant international instruments;

reinforcing cooperation within international organisations and with national and regional fisheries management organisations providing technical assistance, such as workshops and studies, to ensure a better understanding of the added value of international legal instruments in achieving a proper management of marine resources.

supporting the harmonisation of sanitary and phytosanitary legislation and procedures within Central America and facilitate the movement of goods within the region;

providing expertise on legislative and technical capacity to develop and enforce legislation as well as to develop sanitary and phytosanitary control systems (including eradication programmes, food safety systems and alerts notification), and on animal welfare;

supporting the development and strengthening of institutional and administrative capacities in Central America, both at regional and national level, in order to improve its sanitary and phytosanitary status;

developing capacities in each of the Republics of the CA Party to meet sanitary and phytosanitary requirements in order to improve access to the other Party's market while safeguarding the level of protection;

providing advice and technical assistance on the European Union sanitary and phytosanitary regulatory system and the implementation of the standards required by the European Union market.

supporting the development of incentives to foster environmental protection and decent work conditions, especially through the promotion of legal and sustainable trade, for instance through fair and ethical trade schemes, including those involving corporate social responsibility and accountability, as well as related labelling and marketing initiatives;

promoting trade related cooperation mechanisms as agreed by the Parties to help implement the current and future international climate change regime;

promoting trade in products derived from sustainably managed natural resources, including through effective measures regarding wildlife, fisheries and certification of legally and sustainably produced timber. Particular attention shall be paid to voluntary and flexible mechanisms and marketing initiatives aimed to promote environmentally sustainable productive systems;

strengthening institutional frameworks, development and implementation of policies and programs regarding the implementation and enforcement of multilateral environmental agreements and environmental laws, as agreed by the Parties, and developing measures to combat illegal trade with environmental relevance, including through enforcement activities and customs cooperation;

strengthening institutional frameworks, development and implementation of policies and programs regarding Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (freedom of association and collective bargaining, forced labour, child labour, no employment discrimination) and the implementation and enforcement of International Labour Organization (hereinafter referred to as "ILO") conventions and labour laws, as agreed by the Parties;

facilitating exchange of views on the development of methodologies and indicators for sustainability review and supporting initiatives to jointly review, monitor and assess the contribution to sustainable development of Part IV of this Agreement;

strengthening the institutional capacity on trade and sustainable development issues and supporting the organisation and facilitation of the agreed frameworks for dialogue with civil society on such matters.

formulation and planning of energy policy, including inter-connected infrastructures of regional importance, improvement and diversification of energy supply and improvement of energy markets, including facilitation of transit, transmission and distribution within the Republics of the CA Party;

management and training for the energy sector and transfer of technology and know-how, including ongoing work on standards relating to energy generating emissions and energy efficiency;

promotion of energy saving, energy efficiency, renewable energy and studying of the environmental impact of energy production and consumption, in particular, its effects on biodiversity, forestry and land use change;

promotion of the application of clean development mechanisms to support the climate change initiatives and its variability.

the development of policies to optimise the socio-economic benefits of tourism;

the creation and consolidation of tourism products through the provision of non-financial services, training and technical assistance and services;

the integration of environmental, cultural and social considerations into the development of the tourism sector, including both protection and promotion of cultural patrimony and natural resources;

the involvement of local communities in the process of tourism development, in particular rural and community tourism and ecotourism;

marketing and promotion strategies, the development of institutional capacity and human resources, the promotion of international standards;

the promotion of public-private cooperation and association;

the development of managing plans for national and regional tourism development;

the promotion of information technology in the area of tourism.

exchanges of information on the Parties' policies, especially regarding urban transport and the interconnection and interoperability of multimodal transport networks and other issues of mutual interest;

the management of inland waterways, roads, railways, ports and airports, including appropriate cooperation between the relevant authorities;

projects for the transfer of European technology in the Global Navigation Satellite System and urban public transport centres;

improvement of safety and pollution prevention standards, including cooperation in the appropriate international forums aiming to ensure better enforcement of international standards;

activities that promote the development of aeronautical and maritime transport.

dialogue and exchange of experiences on regulatory and policy issues related to the information society, including the use of information and communication technologies such as e-government, e-learning and e-health, and policies aimed at narrowing the digital divide;

exchange of experiences and best practices regarding the development and implementation of e-government applications;

dialogue and exchange of experiences on the development of e-commerce, and digital signature and teleworking;

exchanges of information on standards, conformity assessment and type-approval;

joint research and development projects on information and communication technologies;

development of Academic Advanced Network usage, that is, seeking long term solutions to ensure the self-sustainability of REDClara.

joint initiatives to raise the awareness on the science and technology capacity building programmes, as well as on the European Research and Technological Development and Demonstration Programmes;

initiatives to promote participation in FPs and in the other relevant programmes of the European Union;

joint research actions in areas of common interest;

joint scientific meetings to foster exchange of information and to identify areas for joint research;

promotion of advanced science and technology studies which contribute to the long term sustainable development of the Parties;

development of links between the public and private sectors; special emphasis shall be placed on transfer of scientific and technological results into national productive systems and social policies, and environmental aspects and the need to use cleaner technologies shall be taken into account;

evaluation of scientific cooperation and dissemination of results;

promotion, dissemination and transfer of technology;

assistance to establish National Innovation Systems (NIS), to develop technology and innovation, in order to facilitate appropriate responses for demand driven by small and medium size business and to promote local production, among others; furthermore, assistance to develop excellence centres and high-tech clusters;

promotion of training, research, development and applications of nuclear science and technology for medical applications enabling the transfer of technology to the Republics of the CA Party in areas such as health, particularly radiology and nuclear medicine for radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy treatment, and those areas that the Parties mutually agree to establish, in conformity with existing international conventions and regulations and submitting to the jurisdiction of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

"commercial goods and services" means goods and services of a type generally sold or offered for sale in the commercial marketplace to, and customarily purchased by, non-governmental buyers for non-governmental purposes;

"conformity assessment procedure" means any procedure used, directly or indirectly, to determine that relevant requirements in technical regulations or standards are fulfilled;

"construction service" means a service that has as its objective the realization by whatever means of civil or building works, based on Division 51 of the United Nations Provisional Central Product Classification;

"electronic auction" means an iterative process that involves the use of electronic means for the presentation by suppliers of either new prices, or new values for quantifiable non-price elements of the tender related to the evaluation criteria, or both, resulting in a ranking or re-ranking of tenders;

"in writing" or "written" means any worded or numbered expression that can be read, reproduced or later communicated. It may include electronically transmitted and stored information;

"limited tendering" means a procurement method whereby the procuring entity contacts a supplier or suppliers of its choice;

"List of suppliers" means a list of suppliers that a procuring entity has determined satisfy the conditions for participation in that list and/or formal requirements to be included in such list, and that the procuring entity intends to use more than once;

"measure" means any law, regulation, procedure, administrative guidance or practice, of a procuring entity relating to a covered procurement;

"notice of intended procurement" means a notice published by a procuring entity inviting interested suppliers to submit a request for participation, a tender, or both, according to each Party's legislation;

"offset" means any condition or undertaking that encourages local development or improves a Party's balance of payments accounts, such as the use of domestic content, the licensing of technology, investment, counter-trade and similar action or requirement;

"open tendering" means a procurement method whereby all interested suppliers may submit a tender;

"procuring entity" means an entity covered under a Party's Section A, B or C to Appendix 1 (Coverage) to Annex XVI (Government Procurement);

"qualified supplier" means a supplier that a procuring entity recognizes as having satisfied the conditions for participation;

"selective tendering" means a procurement method whereby only qualified or registered suppliers are invited by the procuring entity to submit a tender;

"services" includes construction services, unless otherwise specified; and

"technical specification" means a tendering requirement that:

of goods, services, or any combination thereof:

by any contractual means, including: purchase, lease, and rental or hire purchase, with or without an option to buy;

for which the value equals or exceeds the relevant threshold specified by each Party in Appendix 1 (Coverage) to Annex XVI, at the time of publication of a notice in accordance with Article 213;

by a procuring entity; and

that is not otherwise excluded from coverage.

the acquisition or rental of land, buildings or other immovable property or the rights thereon;

non-contractual agreements or any form of assistance that a Party provides, including cooperative agreements, grants, loans, equity infusions, guarantees and fiscal incentives, government provision of goods and services to state, regional, or local government entities;

the procurement or acquisition of fiscal agency or depositary services, liquidation and management services for regulated financial institutions or services related to the sale, redemption and distribution of public debt, including loans and government bonds, notes and other securities;

public employment contracts and related employment measures;

procurement conducted:

purchases made under exceptionally advantageous conditions that only arise in the very short term, such as unusual disposals by companies that normally are not suppliers, or disposals of assets of businesses in liquidation or receivership.

in Section A, the central government entities whose procurement is covered by this Title;

in Section B, the sub-central government entities whose procurement is covered by this Title;

in Section C, all other entities whose procurement is covered by this Title;

in Section D, the services, other than construction services, covered by this Title;

in Section E, the construction services covered by this Title; and

in Section F, any general notes.

No procuring entity may prepare, design, or otherwise structure or divide any procurement in order to avoid the obligations under this Title;

Where procurement may result in contracts being awarded at the same time in the form of separate lots, account shall be taken of the total estimated value of all such lots. Where the aggregate value of the lots is equal to or exceeds a Party's thresholds as set out in the relevant Section, this Title shall apply to the awarding of such lots, with the exception of those lots the value of which is less than EUR 80 000 .

treat a locally established supplier less favourably than another locally established supplier on the basis of degree of foreign affiliation or ownership; nor

discriminate against a locally established supplier on the basis that the goods or services offered by that supplier for a particular procurement are goods or services of the other Party.

ensure that the procurement is conducted using information technology systems and software, including those related to authentication and encryption of information, that are generally available and interoperable with other generally available information technology systems and software; and

maintain mechanisms that ensure the integrity of requests for participation and tenders, including establishment of the time and receipt and the prevention of inappropriate access.

promptly publish any law, regulation, judicial decision or administrative ruling of general application, standard contract clauses that are mandated by a law or regulation and incorporated by reference in notices and tender documentation and procedures regarding covered procurement, and any modifications thereof, in officially designated electronic or paper media that are widely disseminated and remain readily accessible to the public;

provide, if so requested by any Party, further information concerning the application of such provisions;

list in Appendix 2 (Media for Publication of Procurement Information) to Annex XVI, the electronic or paper media in which the Party publishes the information described in paragraph (a); and

list in Appendix 3 (Media for Publication of Notices) to Annex XVI, the media in which the Party publishes the notices required by Articles 213, 215, paragraph 4, and Article 223, paragraph 2.

include in the notice of intended procurement at least the information specified in paragraph 1 of Appendix 4 (Notice of Intended Procurement), to Annex XVI and invite suppliers to submit a request for participation; and

provide, by the commencement of the time-period for tendering, at least the information specified in paragraph 2 of Appendix 4 (Notice of Intended Procurement) to Annex XVI to the qualified or registered suppliers.

the notice is published in accordance with paragraph 4 and includes the information required by Appendix 5 (Notice Inviting Interested Suppliers to Apply for Inclusion in a List of Suppliers) and as much of the information required by Appendix 4 (Notice of Intended Procurement) to Annex XVI as is available, and contains a statement that it constitutes a notice of intended procurement;

the procuring entity promptly provides to suppliers that have expressed an interest to the entity in a given procurement, sufficient information to permit them to assess their interest in the procurement, including all remaining information required by Appendix 4 (Notice of Intended Procurement) to Annex XVI, to the extent that such information is available; and

a supplier having applied for inclusion on a list of suppliers in accordance with paragraph 6, may be allowed to tender in a given procurement, where there is sufficient time for the procuring entity to examine whether it satisfies the conditions for participation.

set out the technical specifications in terms of performance and functional requirements, rather than design or descriptive characteristics; and

base the technical specifications on international standards, where these exist; otherwise, on national technical regulations, recognized national standards or building codes.

to all suppliers that are participating at the time the information is amended, if known, and in all other cases, in the same manner as the original information; and

in adequate time to allow such suppliers to modify and re-submit amended tenders, as appropriate.

in the context of procurements in which they have indicated such intent in the notice of intended procurement; or

where it appears from the evaluation that no one tender is obviously the most advantageous in terms of the specific evaluation criteria set forth in the notices or tender documentation.

ensure that any elimination of suppliers participating in negotiations is carried out in accordance with the evaluation criteria set out in the notices or tender documentation; and

where negotiations are concluded, provide a common deadline for the remaining suppliers to submit any new or revised tenders.

where,

provided that the requirements of the tender documentation are notsubstantially modified;

where, for works of art, or for reasons connected with the protection of exclusive intellectual property rights, such as patents or copyrights, or proprietary information, or where there is an absence of competition for technical reasons, the goods or services can be supplied only by a particular supplier and no reasonable alternative or substitute exists;

for additional deliveries by the original supplier of goods and services that were not included in the initial procurement where a change of supplier for such additional goods or services:

for goods purchased on a commodity market;

where a procuring entity procures a prototype or a first good or service that is developed at its request in the course of, and for, a particular contract for research, experiment, study, or original development. When such contracts have been fulfilled, subsequent procurements of goods or services shall be subject to this Title;

where additional construction services that were not included in the initial contract but fell under the objectives of the original tender documentation, have, due to unforeseeable circumstances, become necessary to complete the construction services described therein. However, the total value of contracts awarded for additional construction services may not exceed fifty per cent of the amount of the initial contract;

in so far as is strictly necessary where, for reasons of urgency brought about by events unforeseeable by the procuring entity, the goods or services could not be obtained in time by means of an open tendering procedure and the use of an open tendering procedure would result in serious injury to the procuring entity, the entity's program responsibilities, or the Party;

where a contract is awarded to a winner of a design contest provided that the contest has been organised in a manner that is consistent with the principles of this Title, and the participants are judged by an independent jury with a view to a design contract being awarded to a winner; or

in the cases established by each Party in Section F (General Notes) of Appendix 1 (Coverage) to Annex XVI.

the procuring entity shall respond in writing to the challenge and disclose all relevant documents to the review body;

the participants to the proceedings (hereinafter referred to as "the participants") shall have the right to be heard prior to a decision of the review body being made on the challenge;

the participants shall have the right to be represented and accompanied;

the participants shall have access to all proceedings; and

decisions or recommendations relating to challenges by suppliers shall be provided, within a reasonable time, in writing, with an explanation of the basis for each decision or recommendation.

prompt interim measures to preserve the supplier's opportunity to participate in the procurement. Such interim measures may result in suspension of the procurement process. The procedures may provide that overriding adverse consequences for the interests concerned, including the public interest, may be taken into account when deciding whether such measures should be applied. Just cause for not acting shall be provided in writing; and

corrective action or compensation for the loss or damages suffered, in accordance with each Party's legislation, in cases where a review body has determined that there has been a breach or a failure as set out in paragraph 1.

the modification in question is a minor amendment or rectification of a purely formal nature; or

the proposed modification refers to an entity over which the Party has effectively eliminated its control or influence.

the adjustment proposed under subparagraph 1(b) is adequate to maintain a comparable level of mutually agreed coverage;

the proposed modification is a minor amendment or a rectification under subparagraph 2(a); or

the proposed modification refers to an entity over which the Party has effectively eliminated its control or influence under subparagraph 2(b),

agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices between undertakings, which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition ( 40 ) as specified in their respective competition laws;

any abuse by one or more undertakings of a dominant position or a substantial market power or notable market participation, as specified in their respective competition laws; and

concentrations between undertakings, which significantly impede effective competition, as specified in their respective competition laws.

Convention 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment;

Convention 182 concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour;

Convention 105 concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour;

Convention 29 concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour;

Convention 100 concerning Equal Remuneration for Men and Women Workers for Work of Equal Value;

Convention 111 concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation;

Convention 87 concerning Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise; and

Convention 98 concerning the Application of the Principles of the Right to Organise and to Bargain Collectively.

the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer;

the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal;

the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants;

the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (hereinafter referred to as "CITES");

the Convention on Biological Diversity;

the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity; and

the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( 43 ).

consider those situations in which the elimination or the reduction of obstacles to trade would benefit trade and sustainable development, taking into account, in particular, the interactions between environmental measures and market access;

facilitate and promote trade and foreign direct investment in environmental technologies and services, renewable-energy and energy-efficient products and services, including through addressing related non-tariff barriers;

facilitate and promote trade in products that respond to sustainability considerations, including products that are the subject of schemes such as fair and ethical trade schemes, eco-labelling, organic production, and including those schemes involving corporate social responsibility and accountability; and

facilitate and promote the development of practices and programmes aiming at fostering appropriate economic returns from the conservation and sustainable use of the environment, such as ecotourism.

adhere to and effectively implement the principles of the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December, 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, in relation to: sustainable use, conservation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish species; international cooperation between States; support of scientific advice and research; implementation of effective monitoring, control and inspection measures; and the duties of the flag and port States, including compliance and enforcement;

cooperate, including with and within the relevant Regional Fisheries Management Organisations, in order to prevent Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated ("IUU") fishing, including by adopting effective tools to implement control and inspection schemes to ensure full compliance with conservation measures;

exchange scientific and non-confidential trade data, to exchange experiences and best practices in the field of sustainable fisheries and, more generally, to promote a sustainable approach to fisheries.

where relevant, request the views of the Parties to the procedure on the written comments;

reconsider its report; or

make any further consideration that it considers appropriate.

the Parties agree that the Member States of the European Union will ensure that products originating in Central America which have been legally placed on the market of one Member State of the European Union, can also be marketed in the other Member States of the European Union, provided that the product provides an equivalent level of protection of the various legitimate interests involved (principle of mutual recognition);

in this respect, the Member States of the European Union will accept, provided that the product provides an equivalent level of protection of the various legitimate interests involved, that a product which has fulfilled the conformity assessment procedures required by one of the Member States of the European Union, can be placed on the market of the other Member States of the European Union, without having to undergo an additional conformity assessment procedure.

promote conditions to allow goods subjected to sanitary and phytosanitary measures to freely move within Central America and the EU Party;

promote the harmonisation and improvement of sanitary and phytosanitary requirements and procedures in the CA Party and the EU Party, including to achieve the use of a single import certificate, a single list of establishments, a single sanitary import check and a single fee for products imported from the EU Party into the CA Party;

endeavour to ensure the mutual recognition of the verifications carried out by the Republics of the CA Party in any Member State of the European Union.